Asthenopia, or visual fatigue, is a very common condition that develops when the visual system is subjected to prolonged strain during close-up activities such as reading, studying or using digital devices. It is a functional disorder that arises when the mechanisms of focusing, lubrication and muscle coordination are no longer able to maintain balance.
How it manifests itself
Symptoms include burning, dryness or watering, a feeling of sand in the eyes, discomfort in bright light, periocular pain and headaches. Blurred or double vision and difficulty maintaining visual focus may also occur. Frequent blinking is also often observed.
Why it occurs
Asthenopia results from continuous strain on the extraocular muscles and the accommodative system. Near vision requires constant effort, which is more demanding than distance vision. Reduced blinking, which is typical when staring at a screen, also leads to instability of the tear film.
The role of the visual environment
Inadequate lighting, poor posture, dry environments and very bright screens increase visual strain. Digital eye strain is now one of the main triggers, also common in young people.
When to see a specialist
A visit to the doctor is recommended if symptoms persist or interfere with daily activities. The ophthalmologist can assess accommodative function, convergence and the condition of the tear film.
